Pre-Reading Tasks

Consider the following and tick þ the appropriate answer(s). More than one choice is possible in No. 1 and No. 3.

¶ If you witness a crime, you will ________.

¨ call the police immediately

¨ help the victim fight the criminal

¨ stop the criminal from running away

¨ yell at the criminal

¨ ask the friends who are with you to help the victim

¨ run after the criminal

· If you try to describe someone, the thing that you will describe first is his/her ________.

¨ face

¨ height

¨ clothes

¨ shape

¨ skin colour

¨ physical build: large/small

¨ other qualities or attributes _______________________________________

_________________________________________________________________.

¸ Which parts of the human face can you describe in English?

¨ eyes

¨ nose

¨ ears

¨ forehead

¨ chin

¨ mouth

¨ cheeks

¨ others, (please specify) _____________________________________________

________________________________________________________________.

4. If you want to help create a picture of a criminal you saw, you can do so by using ____________.

¨ police files

¨ photo identity kits

¨ artists’ drawings and sketches

¨ the identity card of the criminal

¨ the driving licence of the criminal

¨ computer graphic generated visuals

¨ other means (please specify) _______________________________________

5.

Pictures by

SOMKID CHAIJITVANIT

Look at the policeman and guess what he is doing with the computer.

He is using the computer __________. (Tick þ only one answer.)

¶ o to assemble data on criminals

· o to colour a picture of a suspect

¸ o to reconstruct the face of a suspect

6. Look at Picture Sets 1 and 2 on page 3, and do the tasks which follow.

Ê Which picture set is generated by a computer? Put a tick þ in a box.

¨ Picture Set 1

¨ Picture Set 2

Ë Computerized sketches can be made ____________.

¨ faster than hand-drawn ones

¨ slower than hand-drawn ones

Ì Computerized sketches can be ____________.

¨ altered with difficulty

¨ easily altered

 Who can help the police find out what the criminals/suspects look like?

____________________________________________________________.

Reading Tasks

Task 1: Skimming

Skim through the passage and list the qualifications of criminal sketch artists in the Police Department.

Ê They should be _______________ of Art Schools.

Ë They should know about a. _______________.

b. _______________.

c. _______________.

d. _______________.

Task 2: Scanning

After reading paragraphs 1-3, identify the stages involved in criminal identification. Complete the chart below with an appropriate verb to express the stages involved.

The first one has been done for you.

Participants Stages in Identification

a. are arrested by the police initially.

Criminals

The police		b. the photographs of criminals to witnesses. .

	c. criminals if they are arrested more than once.
Witnesses

Criminal Sketch Artists

5 10 15 20 25

When a crime is committed, it often happens that some people see the criminals’ faces. These witnesses can help police find out what the criminals look like. The first thing that the police do is to show the witnesses photographs of criminals that they keep in their files. The witnesses can often identify the criminal in this way because many criminals keep committing the same crime over and over again, and are arrested more than once. If witnesses cannot identify a criminal from photographs, the Criminal Records Sketching Division starts its work. This is a team of detectives who create pictures of the criminal while they talk with witnesses. These special police officers in the Police Department are usually graduates of Art Schools. In the past, they drew pictures of criminals by hand, but this was a slow way to work, and the four artists were very overworked, as they had to help in solving crimes all over Thailand. Short of time, the team could only help with the most serious crimes. To help solve this shortage of police artists, police officers created a computer program which they call “Picasso”. This consists of all the different kinds of noses, mouths, chins, etc, which the officers could draw. The computer can combine these images into a picture which it then shades in, according to the description and comments of the witness working with the officer. This saves a lot of time, so the officers can produce more pictures and help to solve more crimes. Psychology also plays an important part. When there are several witnesses to a crime, they often disagree in their descriptions of a criminal, so officers have to decide which witness is the most reliable. Combining art, computers, psychology and crime fighting, the careers of these police artists are certainly not boring. Would you like to join this exciting team?

Adapted from “The Usual Suspects”

By Chompoo Trakullertsathien

The Bangkok Post, Outlook, June 18, 1998.

Post-Reading Tasks

Task 1: Reading for the Main Idea

Circle the best answer.

¶ Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?

“Criminal sketch artists need to _________.”

1. disregard the memory of witnesses
2. have a good memory for criminal faces

c. have skills in more than one field of specialization

d. know hardly any criminal and witness psychology

Task 2: Reading for Details

A. Circle the best answer.

¶ The passage tells us that the photographs of criminals are useful because ________.

1. police can tell witnesses whom they want to arrest
2. police could use them personally to identify the criminal
3. they can help the police sketch more beautiful pictures of criminals
4. they may be recognized by the people who saw the crimes committed

· We can understand from the passage that criminals are _________.

1. usually successful in avoiding capture
2. generally photographed while committing crimes
3. frequently following a bad habit they acquired years before
4. often seen by the same witnesses who saw them commit previous crimes

¸ According to the passage, the “Picasso” computer program helps ________.

1. produce blurred photographs of criminals
2. paste together pre-existing images of facial features
3. create different facial images of witnesses to produce photographs
4. criminals evade arrest because the pictures are inaccurately combined

¹ One advantage of the “Picasso” program over manual drawing is that it _______.

a. is considerably more efficient

b. helps solve less serious crimes

c. requires no manual or artistic skills

d. reduces the need for witness reliability

º The knowledge of ________ helps the police to judge a witness’s reliability.

1. art
2. computers
3. psychology
4. crime fighting

B. Write T in front of the correct statements and F in front of the incorrect statements.

____ ¶ If the police do not have time to create a picture, they will use photographs.

____ · When criminals are arrested, the police add their photographs to their files.

____ ¸ The image of any criminal is always on file.

____ ¹ Drawing by hand produces life-like pictures as quickly as the “Picasso” program.

____ º There are not enough police artists in Thailand.

____ » Formerly, police artists were only involved with Thailand’s most serious crimes.

____ ¼ The “Picasso” program uses drawings of complete faces to create images.

____ ½ Computerized assembly of images is part of the “Picasso” program.

____ ¾ Police artists can now help to solve more crimes even if the number of artists has not increased.

____ ¿ Some witnesses are less trustworthy than others, but the police rarely know this.

C. Answer the following questions briefly.

¶ Why can’t witnesses always identify criminals from photographs in police files?

· How did police officers solve the problem of insufficient criminal sketch

artists?

Task 3: Identifying References

What do the italicized words refer to?

¶ The word “they” (line 5) refers to _______________.

· The word “they” (line 10) refers to _______________.

¸ The word “this” (line 12) refers to _______________.

¹ The word “This” (line 17) refers to _______________.

º The word “it” (line 19) refers to _______________.

» The word“This” (line 21) refers to _______________.

¼ The word “they” (line 24) refers to _______________.

Task 4: Summary Cloze

Complete the following summary, using the words or phrases given below. Each word or phrase can be used only once. There are more words than needed.

Witnesses to crimes work with police to identify criminals. First, witnesses __________ photographs of criminals, and then, if they __________ to recognize any

¶ ·

faces, they talk with the police sketch artists. These officers use a computer program

__________ “Picasso” to create faces from a stock of component parts __________

¸ ¹

eyes, noses, etc. Compared to __________ method of drawing by hand,

º

__________ saves time and enables police artists to assist in __________ more

» ¼

crimes. It is also __________ for the police to judge a witness’s __________ , as ½ ¾

people often describe faces __________. Police artists’ work must be rather interesting.

¿

this called fail vital

look at reliability inaccurately coping

watch such as the former solving

Task 5: Vocabulary

Word parts

Here are 5 words from the passage, followed by two/three other words with the same base forms. Choose the correct word to fill in each blank. You may have to change the form of some words.

¶ crime (line 1) criminal (a) criminal(s) criminally

1. People with a ____________ record sometimes find it hard to get a job.
2. It was ____________ stupid to drive without properly functioning brakes.
3. A knife was found at the scene of the _____________.
4. _____________ should be punished as well as re-educated, so he/they will change his/their behaviour.

· identify (line 5) identification identifiable

1. Only three people in the photograph are _____________ because the photo

is not very clear.

b. Scientists have _____________ the gene that causes abnormal growth.

c. We were asked to show some _____________ before the security guards let us into our friends’ condominium.

¸ shortage (line 16) short shorten

a. I can work better if I give myself _____________ breaks every two hours.

b. Relief workers are concerned at the _____________ of food and shelter in the refugee camps.

c. Please _____________ my skirt. It’s too long and I cannot walk easily.

¹ description (line 20) describe descriptive

a. The police asked the girl to _____________ her attacker, but she could not because it was too dark.

b. The police have issued a detailed _____________ of the missing girl in the newspaper.

c. In the exam we had to write one _____________ essay about our holidays.

º reliable (line 25) reliably rely reliability

a. The success of the English camp _____________ on everyone making an effort.

b. My friend is not very _____________; she always forgets what she promises to do.

c. I am _____________ informed that you have already resigned from this company.

d. The _____________ of witnesses helped the police to identify the criminals.

B. Complete the following diagram, with ‘adjectives’ describing a person.

colour

white

style

C. From these jumbled words, find combinations for describing people, as in the examples. Some of the combinations are hyphenated or just mere compounds.

Examples: 1) overweight (compound)

2) good-looking (hyphenated)

over long dark haired faced aged tanned high sideburns narrow

broad red thin hair crew good untidy curly skinned cut

bushy short goatee middle built average straight beard nose looking

weight fair shoulders complexion eyes wavy cheek bones height well chin

dressed pointed slanted lips medium length smartly shabbily eyebrows pale

1. _________________ 2. _________________ 3. _________________ 4. _________________ 5. _________________

6. __________________ 7. __________________ 8. __________________ 9. __________________ 10. __________________

11. _________________ 12. _________________ 13. _________________ 14. _________________ 15. _________________

Extension Task

Questions for Discussion

¶ Why do you think witnesses will disagree about what a criminal looks like?

· Do you think criminals’ faces look the same as those of honest people, or do they look different? Give some examples to support your opinion.

¸ Are there any other ways to help identify criminals?

Give some examples to support your opinion.

WORD LISTS

career (n.) commit (v.) crime (n.) criminal (n.) consist of (v.) create (v.) detective (n.) file (n.) graduate (n.) identify (v.) reliable (adj.) shade in (v.) shortage (n.) witness (n.) witness (v.)

a job or profession that you have been trained for and intend to do for several years do something bad or illegal something which is against the law and which people are punished for, e.g. by being sent to prison a person who has committed a crime be made up of something cause something new to exist or happen a person, especially a police officer, who tries to solve crimes and find the person who is guilty information about a particular person or subject that is kept by an official organization a person who has completed a university degree course, especially for a first degree recognize and correctly name someone or something that you can trust; trustworthy make part of a picture or drawing darker a situation in which there is not enough of something someone who sees a crime or an accident and can describe what happened see something happen, especially a crime or accident because you are present when it happens

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